Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng lâm sàng có đáp án

Biện pháp quan trọng nhất để phòng loét tỳ đè ở bệnh nhân nằm liệt giường là gì?

1. AGiữ bệnh nhân một tư thế cả ngày
2. BThay đổi tư thế đều đặn để giảm áp lực
3. CXoa bóp mạnh các vùng đỏ
4. DHạn chế dịch

What is the recommended ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths in adult CPR?

1. A5 compressions to 1 breath
2. B30 compressions to 2 breaths
3. C10 compressions to 1 breath
4. D15 compressions to 2 breaths

The term "pyrexia" means:

1. AA low body temperature
2. BA raised body temperature
3. CA fast breathing rate
4. DA slow heart rate

A patient has lost more than 10% of their body weight without trying over the last few months and has a low BMI. What is the most appropriate action?

1. AWeigh the patient again in six months and review at that point
2. BRefer to the dietitian and start a nutrition care plan with food charts
3. CEncourage a low-calorie diet
4. DRestrict fluids to encourage appetite and give a low-protein diet instead

A patient with renal colic is asked to pass urine through a strainer. Why?

1. ATo remove bacteria from the urine
2. BTo make passing urine less painful
3. CTo catch any stone so that it can be analysed
4. DTo measure the urine's pH and specific gravity

Which rule is essential for safe use of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)?

1. AThe button should be pressed before each meal
2. BOnly the patient should press the button
3. CRelatives should press it while the patient sleeps
4. DThe nurse should press it every hour

A patient's hypoglycaemia was caused by a sulfonylurea such as gliclazide or glipizide. Why might they need monitoring for longer than usual?

1. AThe drug makes glucose tablets and drinks ineffective
2. BSulfonylureas only work at night
3. CSulfonylureas act for a long time, so hypoglycaemia can recur
4. DThe drug causes rebound hyperglycaemia later the same day

A patient with hyperkalaemia is given IV insulin with glucose. What is the purpose, and what must be monitored?

1. ATo protect the heart muscle directly; the patient must be kept nil by mouth
2. BTo shift potassium into cells; blood glucose must be monitored for hypoglycaemia
3. CTo treat hidden diabetes; HbA1c must be checked daily
4. DTo remove potassium from the body; urine output must be stopped for a time