Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng lâm sàng có đáp án

A pneumothorax is:

1. AAn infection of the lung tissue, usually caused by bacteria
2. BAir in the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse
3. CA blood clot in the lung arteries
4. DFluid in the alveoli, usually from heart failure

Pain from gallstones (biliary colic) is typically felt in which area?

1. AThe right upper abdomen, often after a fatty meal
2. BThe lower back on the left, when walking
3. CThe left lower abdomen, usually after drinking water
4. DBehind the left knee

Why should insulin injection sites be rotated?

1. ABecause insulin causes the skin to bleed if one site is used often
2. BTo stop the insulin from freezing under the skin
3. CTo prevent lumpy fatty areas that make absorption unpredictable
4. DTo make the insulin work more slowly and evenly every time

Which features suggest pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?

1. AFever, rigors and loin pain
2. BMild burning on passing urine only
3. CCloudy urine with no other symptoms
4. DFrequency without any pain

A confused patient keeps trying to climb out of bed. Why are bed rails not automatically the answer?

1. ABed rails are illegal in all hospitals and must never be used at all
2. BPatients can be seriously injured climbing over or becoming trapped in rails
3. CBed rails always make patients more confused, but only during the day
4. DBed rails stop staff from taking observations

A rising serum creatinine most often indicates:

1. ADehydration of the skin only
2. BIncreased muscle strength
3. CReduced kidney function
4. DImproved liver function

An older patient with delirium is trying to leave the ward at night, saying he must go home. What is the best initial approach?

1. ALet him leave, because adults can always do as they wish whatever their state
2. BCalmly reassure and redirect him while the team assesses his capacity and safety
3. CGive a sedative straight away without a prescription
4. DPhysically restrain him in bed until the morning so that he cannot fall

An older patient's blood pressure is 142/80 mmHg lying and 116/72 mmHg after standing for three minutes, and they feel dizzy. What does this show?

1. AHypertensive emergency
2. BWhite coat hypertension
3. CNormal blood pressure variation
4. DPostural hypotension