Phiếu bài tập Kiểm soát nhiễm khuẩn và an toàn người bệnh có đáp án

Which item is “non-critical” and needs only cleaning and low-level disinfection between patients?

1. AA blood pressure cuff
2. BA central venous catheter
3. CA flexible gastroscope
4. DA set of surgical forceps

What is an opportunistic infection?

1. AAn infection that always clears without treatment
2. BAn infection that only occurs after surgery or another invasive procedure
3. CAn infection caught while traveling abroad
4. DAn infection that takes advantage of a weakened immune system

What is the incubation period of an infection?

1. AThe time between entry of the organism and the first symptoms
2. BThe time when the person recovers and symptoms fade
3. CThe time when the specific symptoms are at their worst
4. DThe time from the first vague symptoms to specific symptoms

Why must visible dirt be removed from equipment before it is disinfected?

1. ADirt makes the disinfectant react and work too strongly on the surface
2. BCleaning first is only needed for metal items
3. CDisinfectants only work on wet surfaces
4. DOrganic matter can shield organisms and weaken the disinfectant

Which practice reduces back strain when a nurse moves a patient or heavy object?

1. AStand with the feet close together for balance
2. BKeep the load close to the body and avoid twisting
3. CBend at the waist and keep both knees straight
4. DHold the load at arm’s length to keep it steady

A patient with a severe latex allergy is booked for surgery. Which measure is commonly used?

1. AWrap latex items in plastic before use
2. BUse latex-free supplies and schedule the patient as the first case of the day
3. CGive the patient antihistamines before surgery and then use the normal supplies
4. DUse latex gloves only for short procedures

A nurse often skips barcode scanning to save time, as many colleagues do. In a just culture, how is this behavior classed?

1. AAt-risk behavior, managed by coaching and fixing the system pressures behind it
2. BSimple human error, managed only by consoling the nurse and moving on
3. CReckless behavior, managed by immediate dismissal and reporting to the licensing board
4. DAcceptable behavior, because it is common on the unit

A patient on long-term high-dose corticosteroids asks for the nasal spray influenza vaccine. What should the nurse explain?

1. APeople on steroids should never have any influenza vaccine
2. BEither type is fine, as long as it is given in the morning
3. CThe nasal spray is the best choice for people on steroids, because it is not injected
4. DThe nasal spray is a live vaccine, so the injected inactivated vaccine is used instead