Phiếu bài tập Giá trị xét nghiệm và điện giải có đáp án

What is the main effect of aldosterone on the kidneys?

1. AGlucose is retained and urea is excreted
2. BSodium is retained and potassium is excreted
3. CSodium is excreted and potassium is retained
4. DCalcium is retained and phosphate is excreted

Chronic kidney disease is usually defined by an eGFR below which value for more than 3 months?

1. A90 mL/min/1,73 m²
2. B60 mL/min/1,73 m²
3. C15 mL/min/1,73 m²
4. D120 mL/min/1,73 m²

An eGFR below which value indicates stage 5 chronic kidney disease (kidney failure)?

1. A60 mL/min/1,73 m²
2. B45 mL/min/1,73 m²
3. C15 mL/min/1,73 m²
4. D90 mL/min/1,73 m²

How should a blood sample for serum ammonia be handled?

1. APlaced on ice and sent to the laboratory at once
2. BShaken firmly to mix it before it is sent away
3. CKept warm and sent with the next routine batch
4. DLeft at room temperature for several hours first

Which blood collection practice helps prevent hemolysis of the sample?

1. ALeaving the tourniquet on for at least 3 minutes
2. BGently inverting the tubes instead of shaking them
3. CForcing blood quickly through a needle into the tube
4. DUsing the smallest needle available for every patient

Giá trị xét nghiệm nào phản ánh tốt nhất nguyên nhân lú lẫn ở người bệnh bệnh gan nặng có run vẫy?

1. ALipase huyết thanh thấp
2. BChỉ kali huyết thanh thấp
3. CTroponin tăng
4. DAmoniac huyết thanh tăng

A patient with a stable INR on warfarin starts rifampin (rifampicin) for tuberculosis. Two weeks later the INR is 1,3. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ATuberculosis causes the INR to fall
2. BRifampin contains a lot of vitamin K
3. CRifampin speeds up warfarin metabolism
4. DRifampin raises the INR, so it is wrong

During surgery under general anesthesia, a patient develops a rising end-tidal CO₂, muscle rigidity and tachycardia, then a high potassium and a rising temperature. Which condition is most likely?

1. AMalignant hyperthermia
2. BAcute hemolytic transfusion reaction
3. CHypoglycemia from fasting
4. DHypovolemic shock