Phiếu bài tập Giá trị xét nghiệm và điện giải có đáp án

What does the term "leukopenia" mean?

1. AA low red blood cell count
2. BA high white blood cell count
3. CA high platelet count
4. DA low white blood cell count

Which blood marker is the most specific for injury to the heart muscle?

1. ASerum myoglobin
2. BTotal creatine kinase
3. CLactate dehydrogenase
4. DCardiac troponin

A patient has a hemoglobin of 19,5 g/dL (195 g/L) and a hematocrit of 58%. Which term describes this?

1. APancytopenia (all cells low)
2. BThrombocytopenia (low platelets)
3. CPolycythemia (erythrocytosis)
4. DIron-deficiency anemia

A patient receives repeated nebulized albuterol (salbutamol) for severe asthma. Which laboratory change should the nurse watch for?

1. AA rise in serum calcium
2. BA rise in serum sodium
3. CA fall in serum potassium
4. DA fall in blood glucose

A breathless patient in the emergency department has a BNP below 100 pg/mL. What does this suggest?

1. AThe kidneys are failing and the patient needs dialysis
2. BHeart failure is an unlikely cause of the breathlessness
3. CThe patient has had a myocardial infarction in the past day
4. DSevere heart failure is certainly the cause of the problem

A patient has burning on urination and frequency. The dipstick is positive for nitrites and leukocyte esterase, and a urine culture is ordered. When should the sample be taken?

1. AAt any time, as antibiotics do not matter
2. BBefore the first dose of antibiotic
3. CAfter 3 days of antibiotic treatment
4. DAfter the symptoms have fully settled

After lying on the floor for many hours, a patient has a CK of 40,000 U/L, a potassium of 6,1 mEq/L and dark urine. Which prescribed treatment is the priority?

1. AAn oral potassium supplement with each meal
2. BLarge-volume IV fluids with cardiac monitoring
3. CFluid restriction to protect the heart from overload
4. DHigh-dose NSAIDs for the muscle pain

A patient has eaten very little for 2 weeks and has received broad-spectrum antibiotics. The INR is now 2,3 without warfarin, and the platelets are normal. What is the most likely cause?

1. AIron-deficiency anemia
2. BHemophilia A
3. CImmune thrombocytopenia
4. DVitamin K deficiency