Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tim mạch và hô hấp có đáp án

Which vessels carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

1. AThe pulmonary arteries
2. BThe pulmonary veins
3. CThe venae cavae
4. DThe coronary sinus

Âm thở nào điển hình của đường thở nhỏ bị hẹp trong hen phế quản?

1. ARan rít, thường to hơn khi thở ra
2. BTiếng cọ màng phổi khi hít sâu
3. CRan nổ thô mất đi sau khi ho
4. DTiếng thở rít (stridor) nghe chủ yếu khi hít vào

Which valve lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

1. AThe aortic valve
2. BThe mitral valve
3. CThe tricuspid valve
4. DThe pulmonary valve

A nurse measures blood pressure on a large upper arm using a cuff that is too small. What effect will this have?

1. AThe reading will be accurate but slower
2. BThe reading will be falsely low
3. CThe reading will be falsely high
4. DOnly the pulse rate will be affected

Which patient is most typical of a primary spontaneous pneumothorax?

1. AA child with a viral sore throat
2. BA middle-aged woman with high blood pressure
3. CAn older woman with long-standing heart failure
4. DA tall, thin young man who smokes

A patient with angle-closure glaucoma needs nebulised ipratropium. What precaution is sensible?

1. AGive it only with the patient lying completely flat
2. BMix it with an eye drop before putting it in the nebuliser
3. CUse a mouthpiece or protect the eyes from the mist
4. DRun it at the highest possible gas flow

During a thrombolytic infusion for an MI, the patient develops a sudden severe headache, vomiting and new confusion. What should the nurse do first?

1. ASlow the infusion and give an antiemetic
2. BGive a second dose to finish the treatment
3. CContinue the infusion, as headache is a common side effect
4. DStop the infusion and call for urgent medical help

On a ventilated patient, the end-tidal CO₂ waveform suddenly drops to zero. What should the nurse suspect first?

1. ANormal variation that needs no action
2. BTube displacement, disconnection or obstruction
3. CA sudden improvement in the patient's lung function
4. DA rise in the patient's body temperature over the last hour