Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tim mạch và hô hấp có đáp án

What is the approximate tidal volume of a resting adult?

1. AAbout 5 litres
2. BAbout 500 mL
3. CAbout 1,5 litres
4. DAbout 50 mL

Điều dưỡng nên kiểm tra mạch hụt (pulse deficit) trong rung nhĩ như thế nào?

1. AĐọc nhịp tim từ màn hình máy đo oxy xung
2. BHai người cùng đếm mạch mỏm tim và mạch quay trong một phút
3. CMột người bắt cả hai mạch cảnh cùng lúc
4. DMột người đếm mạch quay trong 15 giây rồi nhân với bốn

Which sign often appears earliest in hypovolaemic shock in an adult?

1. AA slow, bounding pulse
2. BFixed, dilated pupils
3. CA rising heart rate
4. DA systolic pressure below 70 mmHg

Which history is a contraindication to thrombolysis for a STEMI?

1. AA previous appendicectomy many years ago
2. BA previous haemorrhagic stroke
3. CMild asthma controlled with inhalers
4. DTreated high blood pressure

A patient with heart failure takes furosemide once a day. When is the best time to take it?

1. AJust before the evening meal, with a large drink
2. BAt bedtime, so the effect lasts through the night
3. CWhenever the ankles look swollen, on those days only
4. DIn the morning, to avoid needing the toilet at night

During airway suctioning, when should suction be applied?

1. AOnly while withdrawing the catheter
2. BBefore the catheter enters the airway
3. CContinuously for at least 30 seconds
4. DOnly while inserting the catheter

A healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel) reports four observations. Which one needs the nurse's attention first?

1. AA patient with a DVT whose leg is less swollen today
2. BA patient with heart failure who is newly confused, with SpO₂ 89%
3. CA patient after a PCI asking for a cup of tea
4. DA patient with COPD whose SpO₂ is 90% on 1 L/min, which is usual for him

After four days of antibiotics for pneumonia, a patient still has fever and pleuritic pain. There is dullness and reduced breath sounds at the right base. What complication should be suspected?

1. AAsthma triggered by the infection
2. BNormal recovery from pneumonia
3. CA parapneumonic effusion or empyema
4. DAn allergic reaction to the antibiotic