Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tim mạch và hô hấp có đáp án

How should glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) sublingual tablets be stored?

1. ALoose in a pocket or a plastic pill box for easy access
2. BIn their original container, away from heat and light
3. CIn the fridge, mixed in one bottle with their other tablets
4. DIn direct sunlight on the windowsill

Which precautions are needed for a patient with suspected infectious pulmonary tuberculosis?

1. AAirborne precautions with a respirator mask
2. BProtective isolation for the patient's own sake
3. CStandard precautions only
4. DContact precautions with gloves only

What is the pleura?

1. AA double membrane lining the lungs and the inner chest wall
2. BThe tiny air sacs at the ends of the airways where gas exchange happens
3. CThe dome-shaped muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen
4. DThe cartilage rings of the trachea

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. ALow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity
2. BHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide
3. CLow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely
4. DPotassium has no link with either medicine

Một bệnh nhân nhịp nhanh trên thất sắp được tiêm adenosine tĩnh mạch. Điều dưỡng nên cảnh báo bệnh nhân điều gì?

1. ABuồn ngủ, nói ngọng và lú lẫn kéo dài vài giờ sau đó
2. BĐau rát dọc tĩnh mạch cánh tay khoảng một tuần
3. CĐau đầu kéo dài vài ngày sau đó
4. DBừng mặt hoặc nặng ngực thoáng qua và ngừng tim vài giây

After an above-knee amputation, which measure helps prevent a hip flexion contracture?

1. ASitting in a chair for most of the day with the hips bent
2. BKeeping the hip bent to reduce stump swelling
3. CLying prone for periods and avoiding pillows under the stump
4. DKeeping a pillow under the stump at all times, day and night

A patient taking ramipril and indapamide for hypertension starts regular ibuprofen for back pain. A week later, creatinine has risen sharply. What is the most likely cause?

1. ABack pain causing kidney damage
2. BAn allergic reaction to the diuretic causing inflammation of the kidney
3. CAn ACE inhibitor, diuretic and NSAID together reducing kidney perfusion
4. DIbuprofen raising the blood pressure to levels that damage the kidneys

A nurse receives handover on four patients. Which patient should be seen first?

1. AA patient with COPD on 1 L/min whose SpO₂ has been 89% and stable throughout the night
2. BA patient on day 1 after surgery who is newly restless, RR 30/min, SpO₂ 88% on 4 L/min
3. CA patient with asthma who wants a reliever inhaler before a walk
4. DA patient with pneumonia on IV antibiotics who now has a temperature of 38,2 °C