Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tim mạch và hô hấp có đáp án

Lưu lượng oxy thông thường qua ống thông mũi chuẩn ở người lớn là bao nhiêu?

1. A20–40 L/phút
2. B0,1–0,2 L/phút
3. C10–15 L/phút
4. D1–6 L/phút

Which coronary artery mainly supplies the front (anterior) wall of the left ventricle?

1. AThe left anterior descending artery
2. BThe pulmonary artery
3. CThe circumflex artery only
4. DThe right coronary artery and its marginal branch

What does central cyanosis of the lips and tongue indicate?

1. ALow oxygen saturation of the arterial blood
2. BCold hands caused by the room, with normal oxygen levels
3. CA high haemoglobin level only
4. DNormal findings in older adults

What is the purpose of a mucolytic such as carbocisteine in chronic productive cough?

1. ATo kill bacteria in the airways
2. BTo stop the patient coughing completely, day and night
3. CTo widen the airways within minutes
4. DTo make sputum thinner and easier to cough up

D-dimer tăng có nghĩa là gì?

1. ALiều thuốc chống đông quá thấp và phải tăng
2. BCó sự phân hủy fibrin, nhưng không chứng minh có cục máu đông
3. CĐã xác nhận có thuyên tắc phổi hoặc huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu
4. DĐã loại trừ an toàn huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply
2. BIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all
3. CIt turns the statin into a blood thinner
4. DIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage

A patient has sudden severe chest pain spreading to the back between the shoulder blades. Which finding most supports aortic dissection rather than myocardial infarction?

1. ASweating, nausea and pallor that started with the pain
2. BPain that started at rest
3. CA large difference in blood pressure between the arms
4. DA heart rate of 104/min and a respiratory rate of 22/min

A patient with pneumonia has a heart rate of 118/min, BP 86/50 mmHg, RR 28/min and a high lactate. Sepsis is recognised. Which action should not be delayed?

1. AGive oral antibiotics and reassess the next day
2. BTake blood cultures and give IV antibiotics within the first hour
3. CDelay fluids until a chest X-ray has been reported
4. DWait for the sputum culture result before choosing an antibiotic