Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tim mạch và hô hấp có đáp án

What is the "calf muscle pump"?

1. AThe artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the muscles of the calf
2. BA heart valve that pumps blood into the legs
3. CA device that inflates around the calf during surgery to warm the leg
4. DCalf muscles squeezing the deep veins to push blood towards the heart

Which colour change is typical of Raynaud's phenomenon?

1. AFingers stay red and hot for several days
2. BFingers turn white, then blue, then red
3. CFingers turn yellow, then green, then brown
4. DThe whole arm turns pale and then black

What is the classic clinical definition of chronic bronchitis?

1. AA dry cough lasting about one week after a common cold
2. BA single episode of coughing up blood after a chest infection
3. CWheeze and chest tightness that occur only during exercise
4. DA cough with sputum most days for 3 months in 2 years running

Why is a shock for cardioversion synchronised with the QRS complex?

1. ATo allow the use of a lower battery charge
2. BTo avoid delivering the shock during the T wave
3. CTo make the shock less painful for the patient
4. DTo keep the pads from burning the skin

Nên tiêm enoxaparin dưới da từ bơm tiêm đóng sẵn như thế nào?

1. AVào cùng một vị trí ở bụng mỗi ngày, sau đó xoa bóp
2. BVào bụng, để nguyên bóng khí, không xoa bóp
3. CTiêm nhanh vào tĩnh mạch qua catheter
4. DVào cơ delta, sau khi đẩy bóng khí ra trước

What is the main difference between CPAP and bilevel NIV (often called BiPAP)?

1. ABilevel NIV adds a higher inspiratory pressure, helping remove CO₂
2. BBilevel NIV gives oxygen only, without any positive airway pressure
3. CCPAP is mainly used to lower a raised PaCO₂ in COPD exacerbations
4. DCPAP is given only through a tracheostomy

A conscious adult in the dining room is suddenly unable to speak, cough or breathe after a mouthful of food. What should the nurse do first?

1. ASweep blindly in the mouth with a finger
2. BEncourage them to drink a glass of water to wash the food down
3. CLie them down on the floor and start chest compressions immediately
4. DUp to five back blows, then up to five abdominal thrusts if needed

Four hours after cardiac surgery, the mediastinal drain, which had been draining steadily, suddenly stops. BP falls to 84/60 mmHg, the heart rate rises and the CVP climbs. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AFluid overload from intravenous fluids
2. BCardiac tamponade from a clotted drain
3. CA tension pneumothorax on the left side
4. DNormal recovery, as the bleeding has stopped