Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

Which signs suggest peritonitis?

1. AA small, painless lump near the umbilicus
2. BLoud bowel sounds with a hungry feeling
3. CGuarding, rebound tenderness and a rigid abdomen
4. DA soft abdomen with no pain on pressing

When should pain be reassessed after giving analgesia?

1. AWhen the drug is expected to have taken effect
2. BNever, as one assessment is enough
3. COnly if the patient asks for more analgesia
4. DOnly at the next routine observation round the next day

Đặc điểm nào điển hình của bỏng toàn bộ độ dày da?

1. ADa dai như da thuộc, trắng hoặc nâu, không đau
2. BDa ẩm, hồng với mụn nước lớn, đau
3. CDa trắng bệch khi ấn và lành trong vài ngày
4. DDa đỏ, đau, không mụn nước, như cháy nắng

Liệt ruột (paralytic ileus) là gì?

1. ANhiễm trùng thành ruột kèm sốt
2. BTắc lòng ruột do khối u
3. CMất nhu động ruột mà không có tắc nghẽn vật lý
4. DXoắn đại tràng cắt đứt máu cung cấp

Why is it important to prevent perioperative hypothermia?

1. AIt makes patients wake up from the anaesthetic too quickly
2. BIt lowers the risk of pain after surgery
3. CIt increases bleeding, wound infection and heart complications
4. DIt reduces the amount of anaesthetic needed, which is unsafe

Which advice helps a patient with haemorrhoids?

1. AEat more fibre, drink enough fluid and avoid straining
2. BSit on the toilet for long periods to empty fully
3. CEat less fibre so that stools are smaller
4. DTake a codeine-based painkiller every day

After forearm fracture surgery, a patient has severe pain not eased by opioids, made worse by passively moving the fingers. What should the nurse do?

1. AReassure the patient that this pain is expected
2. BApply ice and a tighter bandage to reduce the swelling
3. CRaise the arm as high as possible and give a further dose of opioid
4. DLoosen any tight dressing, keep the arm at heart level and escalate

A patient with advanced cancer who has capacity decides to stop chemotherapy. The family insists that treatment must continue. What should the nurse do?

1. ASupport the patient's decision and help the team talk with the family
2. BContinue treatment because the family has asked for it
3. CAsk the family to sign a new consent form
4. DTell the patient that stopping is not allowed