Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

Đặc điểm nào điển hình của bỏng toàn bộ độ dày da?

1. ADa dai như da thuộc, trắng hoặc nâu, không đau
2. BDa trắng bệch khi ấn và lành trong vài ngày
3. CDa đỏ, đau, không mụn nước, như cháy nắng
4. DDa ẩm, hồng với mụn nước lớn, đau

What is adjuvant chemotherapy?

1. ATreatment given only to patients who refuse surgery or radiotherapy
2. BTreatment given before a biopsy is taken
3. CTreatment after surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence
4. DTreatment given only to relieve symptoms

Which lifestyle advice helps reduce night-time reflux symptoms?

1. ADrink a large glass of fizzy water before lying down
2. BSleep flat on several pillows placed under the knees
3. CHave the largest meal of the day just before going to bed to aid sleep
4. DNo food for 3 hours before bed, with the head of the bed raised

Which nursing intervention best reduces preoperative anxiety?

1. ATelling the patient that there is nothing to worry about
2. BKeeping family members away until after surgery
3. CExplaining what will happen and answering questions
4. DAvoiding talking about the operation at all

Rối loạn điện giải nào có thể góp phần gây liệt ruột sau mổ?

1. ATăng phosphate máu
2. BHạ kali máu
3. CTăng kali máu
4. DTăng natri máu

Which complication is more typical of Crohn's disease than of ulcerative colitis?

1. AInflammation limited to the rectal lining
2. BDisease that is cured by removing the colon
3. CFistulas between the bowel and other organs
4. DBleeding only from the rectum

A patient with active cancer on chemotherapy develops new swelling and pain in one calf. Why must this be reported promptly?

1. AThe swelling shows the cancer has gone
2. BIt is only a muscle strain from walking
3. CCancer and its treatment greatly increase clot risk
4. DCalf swelling is a normal effect of chemotherapy

Why is folinic acid (leucovorin) given after high-dose methotrexate?

1. ATo increase the anticancer effect on the tumour
2. BTo rescue normal cells from methotrexate toxicity
3. CTo prevent hair loss during treatment
4. DTo treat the patient's anaemia only