Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

What does the grade of a cancer describe?

1. AHow many treatments the patient has had so far, including surgery
2. BHow far the cancer has spread in the body
3. CHow abnormal the cancer cells look under a microscope
4. DThe patient's age when diagnosed

Which factor most increases the risk of Clostridioides difficile infection?

1. ADrinking bottled water
2. BA diet high in fibre
3. CRecent antibiotic treatment
4. DRegular exercise

What is the main aim of palliative care?

1. ACuring the disease at any cost, whatever the side effects
2. BOnly providing care in the last hour of life
3. CReplacing all other medical treatment
4. DImproving quality of life for people with serious illness

Which wound drain observation should be reported immediately?

1. ASmall amounts of pink serous fluid
2. BA sudden large volume of fresh red blood
3. CA little dried blood around the drain site
4. DDrainage slowly falling each day

Why is blood lactate measured when sepsis is suspected?

1. AIt replaces the need for blood cultures
2. BIt measures the effect of antibiotics on the kidney
3. CA raised level suggests poor tissue perfusion
4. DIt shows which bacteria are causing the infection

In the UK National Early Warning Score (NEWS2), what does an aggregate score of 5 or more usually trigger?

1. ANo change unless the patient complains
2. BDischarge planning for the next day
3. CAn urgent review by a clinician skilled in acute illness
4. DRoutine observations once every 12 hours, with no other change in care

A patient arrives in recovery with a temperature of 35,2 °C and is shivering. What is the most appropriate action?

1. AStart active warming and monitor the temperature
2. BGive cold IV fluids to settle the shivering
3. CRemove all blankets to let the body adjust
4. DSend the patient to the ward to warm up there under extra blankets

A patient with small cell lung cancer is confused and drowsy. Sodium is 118 mmol/L and the urine is highly concentrated. Which complication is likely?

1. ATumour lysis syndrome
2. BDiabetes insipidus
3. CSIADH
4. DHypercalcaemia of malignancy