Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

How should a patient be positioned during enteral tube feeding?

1. AWith the head of the bed raised to at least 30–45°
2. BWith the head lower than the feet
3. CLying on the stomach with the head turned to one side
4. DLying completely flat on the back with one pillow

Where should a diathermy return electrode (plate) be placed?

1. AOn skin covered with spirit-based prep that is still wet
2. BOver a metal joint replacement
3. COver a bony area such as the hip bone
4. DOn clean, dry skin over a well-perfused muscle

Why does chemotherapy often affect the bone marrow, gut lining and hair?

1. AThese tissues have no blood supply
2. BThese tissues store the chemotherapy drugs
3. CThese tissues contain rapidly dividing cells
4. DThese tissues are the main sites of cancer

Which rule about the sterile field is correct?

1. ASterile items can be passed across a non-sterile area freely
2. BIf sterility is in doubt, the item is treated as contaminated
3. CA sterile pack stays sterile even when it is wet
4. DThe area below a gowned person's waist is sterile

How are skin staples usually removed from a healed incision?

1. AThe staples are left in permanently under the skin
2. BOnly the staples at each end, leaving the others for good
3. CAlternate staples first, then the rest if the wound holds
4. DAll staples at once by pulling each one straight up from the skin

Why is IV hydration given with cisplatin?

1. ATo protect the kidneys from damage
2. BTo raise the blood pressure during treatment
3. CTo make the drug less effective
4. DTo prevent hair loss

Một người 74 tuổi bệnh thận mạn đau nặng sau phẫu thuật. Vấn đề nào về opioid quan trọng nhất?

1. AKhông bao giờ dùng opioid ở người cao tuổi, bất kể đau
2. BMorphine là opioid an toàn nhất trong suy thận, nên có thể tăng liều tự do
3. CChức năng thận không ảnh hưởng cách cơ thể xử lý opioid
4. DChất chuyển hóa của morphine tích lũy, nên có thể cần liều thấp hơn hoặc opioid khác

After signing the consent form, a patient tells the nurse, "I don't really understand what they are going to do." What should the nurse do?

1. AInform the surgeon so that the procedure can be explained again
2. BReassure the patient that the surgeon knows best
3. CExplain the surgical risks in detail without involving the surgeon
4. DIgnore the comment because the form is already signed