Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

What is an anastomosis in bowel surgery?

1. AA tube placed in the bowel for feeding
2. BAn opening of the bowel onto the skin
3. CA surgical join between two ends of bowel
4. DA drain placed beside the bowel

What is healing by secondary intention?

1. AA wound that heals without any new tissue
2. BA wound closed a few days after it was left open
3. CA wound left open that heals from the base upwards
4. DA wound closed with sutures straight after surgery

Which is a role of the scrub practitioner in theatre?

1. AObtaining the patient's surgical consent
2. BMoving equipment outside the sterile field only
3. CPreparing and passing sterile instruments
4. DGiving the anaesthetic drugs to the patient

How is an uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus often first treated?

1. AEating a large high-fibre meal
2. BA barium meal given by mouth to untwist the bowel slowly
3. CHigh-dose laxatives taken by mouth
4. DDecompression with a flexible sigmoidoscope and flatus tube

Which statement correctly describes physical dependence on opioids?

1. AThe patient is allergic to opioids
2. BWithdrawal occurs if the drug is stopped suddenly
3. CThe drug no longer has any side effects
4. DThe patient always craves the drug and misuses it despite harm

Vì sao bệnh nhân xơ gan có nguy cơ chảy máu tăng?

1. AGan xơ giải phóng các chất chống đông như heparin vào máu
2. BÍt yếu tố đông máu hơn, tiểu cầu thấp và giãn tĩnh mạch do tăng áp lực tĩnh mạch cửa
3. CHuyết áp động mạch cao trong xơ gan làm mạch vỡ
4. DXơ gan làm tăng số lượng tiểu cầu, khiến tiểu cầu yếu hơn

A patient's ileostomy output is 2,5 L a day. They feel tired and dizzy and are drinking large amounts of water. Which advice is usually appropriate?

1. ADrink even more plain water and tea to replace the losses
2. BLimit plain drinks and use an oral rehydration solution
3. CEat only fruit and fruit juice
4. DStop all drinking for 24 hours

A nurse teaches a patient after a laparoscopic fundoplication for reflux. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"Some difficulty swallowing can happen in the early weeks."
2. B"I'll eat soft, moist food at first and chew it well."
3. C"Fizzy drinks will help me bring up wind after meals."
4. D"I should eat smaller meals for a while after the operation."