Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

Dịch nào thường dùng cho hồi sức bỏng ban đầu ở người lớn?

1. AHartmann (lactated Ringer)
2. BNước cất pha tiêm, truyền tĩnh mạch
3. CDung dịch glucose 50% tĩnh mạch
4. DNước cola có ga đường uống

Which feature is typical of Crohn's disease?

1. AIt affects only the rectum and colon, in one continuous stretch
2. BIt can affect any part of the gut, with normal bowel in between
3. CIt affects only the liver and bile ducts
4. DIt affects only the stomach lining and causes ulcers there

What is atelectasis?

1. AInfection of the surgical wound
2. BCollapse of small air sacs in part of the lung
3. CA blood clot in a leg vein
4. DSwelling of both ankles caused by lying in bed after surgery

A patient with obstructive sleep apnoea is admitted for surgery. Which instruction is most appropriate?

1. ALie flat on their back for the first night
2. BAvoid sleeping at all on the night after surgery
3. CBring their CPAP machine to use after surgery
4. DStop all pain relief for the first three days

Which nerve is at risk if the arm is poorly padded at the elbow during surgery?

1. AFemoral nerve
2. BFacial nerve
3. CUlnar nerve
4. DSciatic nerve

Which advice helps prevent dumping syndrome after gastrectomy?

1. AA high-sugar diet with fruit juice to keep energy levels up
2. BThree large meals a day with plenty of sweet drinks with each meal
3. CSmall, frequent meals low in simple sugars, with fluids between meals
4. DSit upright and walk briskly straight after every meal

A nurse teaches a patient with chronic pancreatitis. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll take my enzyme capsules at bedtime."
2. B"I should not drink any alcohol."
3. C"I'll report increased thirst or passing urine more often."
4. D"Oily, floating stools may mean my dose needs changing."

Chiến lược truyền dịch nào nhìn chung được khuyến cáo trong những giờ đầu của viêm tụy cấp?

1. AKhông truyền dịch tĩnh mạch, chỉ nhấp từng ngụm nước nhỏ
2. BDịch tinh thể cân bằng theo mục tiêu, hướng dẫn bởi đáp ứng
3. CChỉ albumin tĩnh mạch thay cho bất kỳ dịch tinh thể nào
4. DThể tích rất lớn, bất kể đáp ứng của bệnh nhân