Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

Why does a patient with a kidney transplant need lifelong medicines?

1. ATo stop the immune system rejecting the new kidney
2. BTo help the new kidney make more urine each day
3. CTo prevent kidney stones in the new kidney
4. DTo keep the blood pressure low enough

Which symptoms are typical of a prolactinoma in a woman?

1. AKidney stones, bone pain and constipation
2. BWeight loss with heat intolerance and a fine tremor
3. CVery dark skin creases and a craving for salt
4. DMilky nipple discharge and irregular periods

What is the most common cause of dementia?

1. AMultiple sclerosis
2. BAlzheimer's disease
3. CParkinson's disease
4. DHuntington's disease

A patient takes an SGLT2 inhibitor. Which sick-day advice is correct?

1. AStop drinking fluids while taking the drug
2. BKeep taking it as normal, whatever the illness
3. CPause the drug during illness with vomiting or poor intake
4. DDouble the dose during illness to control the glucose

For which patient with migraine would the nurse question an order for sumatriptan?

1. AA patient who also has asthma
2. BA patient with a history of angina
3. CA patient with an allergy to penicillin
4. DA patient with well-controlled hypothyroidism

A woman who takes the combined contraceptive pill is starting carbamazepine. What should she be taught?

1. AThe pill makes carbamazepine toxic, so she must stop the pill
2. BThere is no interaction between these two medicines
3. CShe should take both at the same time so they are absorbed together
4. DCarbamazepine can make the pill less effective, so other contraception is needed

A 66-year-old smoker has had two episodes of painless red urine. Urine cultures are negative. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AAnother course of antibiotics for a UTI
2. BAdvise more fluids and review in a year
3. CUrgent referral for cystoscopy and imaging
4. DReassure him, because the blood has stopped

Một bệnh nhân DKA đang cải thiện: đường huyết 9 mmol/L, ceton 0,4 mmol/L, pH 7,36. Họ đang ăn uống. Nên ngừng insulin tĩnh mạch như thế nào?

1. ANgừng insulin tĩnh mạch ngay bây giờ và bắt đầu insulin dưới da vào ngày mai
2. BChỉ tiêm insulin dưới da nếu đường huyết tăng trên 20 mmol/L
3. CNgừng mọi insulin, vì nhiễm toan ceton đã hết hoàn toàn
4. DTiêm insulin dưới da cùng bữa ăn, rồi ngừng đường tĩnh mạch sau một khoảng chồng