Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

Why do women get urinary tract infections more often than men?

1. AThe urethra is shorter and closer to the anus
2. BWomen have more bacteria in their blood
3. CWomen's kidneys are smaller than men's
4. DWomen drink more fluids than men do each day

How should a peritoneal dialysis catheter exit site be cared for?

1. ACovered with a tight bandage and not looked at for a week
2. BSoaked in a hot bath every day
3. CKept clean and dry and checked daily for redness
4. DCleaned with a strong bleach solution

Which three responses make up the Glasgow Coma Scale?

1. AEye opening, verbal response and motor response
2. BReflexes, muscle tone and sensation
3. COrientation to time, place and person, plus memory
4. DPupil size, pulse and blood pressure

Why can a patient with an insulin pump develop DKA within hours if the pump stops working?

1. AThe body becomes allergic to insulin when the pump stops
2. BThe pump gives long-acting insulin, which builds up and stops working all at once
3. CThe pump gives only rapid-acting insulin, so there is no long-acting reserve
4. DThe battery in the pump releases chemicals into the blood

A patient with multiple sclerosis says their symptoms get worse after a hot bath. What should the nurse explain?

1. AHot baths cause new areas of damage in the brain
2. BThey should take very cold baths to reverse the damage
3. CThis shows that the disease has entered a new progressive stage
4. DHeat can briefly worsen MS symptoms, which settle when they cool down

Which nursing care is most important for a patient with diabetes insipidus?

1. AWeighing the patient once a month
2. BA strict fluid restriction to reduce the amount of urine passed
3. CGiving a loop diuretic to clear extra fluid
4. DStrict fluid balance, daily weight and free access to water

A patient on levothyroxine has palpitations, weight loss and poor sleep. TSH is suppressed, and free T4 is high. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AA normal response to the drug
2. BThe dose is too high
3. CThe dose is too low
4. DThe thyroid has stopped working

A nurse teaches a patient about peritoneal dialysis. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will wash my hands carefully before each exchange."
2. B"If the fluid is cloudy, I'll see if it clears next time."
3. C"I will check my exit site every day."
4. D"I will weigh myself daily and record my fluid balance."