Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

What is exophthalmos?

1. ABulging of the eyes
2. BDrooping of one eyelid
3. CYellowing of the eyes
4. DLoss of the outer eyebrows

Loại đột quỵ nào phổ biến nhất?

1. AHuyết khối xoang tĩnh mạch não
2. BXuất huyết dưới nhện do phình mạch
3. CĐột quỵ xuất huyết do vỡ động mạch
4. DĐột quỵ thiếu máu cục bộ do tắc động mạch

Which heart rhythm greatly increases the risk of an embolic stroke?

1. AFirst-degree heart block
2. BAtrial fibrillation
3. CSinus bradycardia
4. DSinus arrhythmia

Which picture fits Brown-Séquard syndrome?

1. ALoss of all feeling but normal movement on both sides
2. BWeakness on the same side and loss of pain on the opposite side
3. CWeakness of both arms with normal strength in the legs
4. DParalysis of both legs, with normal sensation everywhere in the body

A patient with untreated hyperthyroidism is losing weight. Which diet is most appropriate until the condition is controlled?

1. AA high-calorie diet with enough protein
2. BA low-calorie diet to protect the heart
3. CA strict low-protein diet
4. DA diet very high in caffeine for energy

Which complication is a particular risk in nephrotic syndrome?

1. ALow cholesterol
2. BBleeding from low platelets
3. CVenous thrombosis
4. DHypoglycaemia

A nurse teaches a young adult with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"As long as I take my tablets, I can swim alone."
2. B"I will keep a record of any seizures I have."
3. C"I will tell my friends what to do if I have a seizure."
4. D"I will take a shower rather than a bath."

Why may nitrofurantoin be avoided in an older patient with significantly reduced kidney function?

1. AIt cannot be taken with food in kidney disease
2. BIt turns the urine red in kidney disease
3. CIt works less well and is more likely to be toxic
4. DIt cures kidney disease too quickly