Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

A febrile patient has a rash that does not fade when a glass is pressed against it. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAn allergic reaction to soap
2. BA simple viral skin rash
3. CHeat rash from a high temperature
4. DMeningococcal septicaemia

Which heart rhythm greatly increases the risk of an embolic stroke?

1. ASinus bradycardia
2. BAtrial fibrillation
3. CFirst-degree heart block
4. DSinus arrhythmia

After an acute stroke, what must happen before the patient is given food, drink or oral medicines?

1. AA chest X-ray to check the lungs
2. BA full set of blood tests
3. CA swallow screen by a trained professional
4. DA check that bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants

A patient taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist has severe, constant upper abdominal pain spreading to the back, with vomiting. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ALow blood glucose
2. BNormal nausea from the drug
3. CAcute pancreatitis
4. DA simple urinary tract infection

For which patient would the nurse question an order for pioglitazone?

1. AA patient with hypothyroidism
2. BA patient with heart failure
3. CA patient with an allergy to latex
4. DA patient with asthma

A patient with Conn's syndrome starts spironolactone. Which blood test should the nurse watch most closely?

1. AAmylase
2. BCalcium
3. CGlucose
4. DPotassium

Why may nitrofurantoin be avoided in an older patient with significantly reduced kidney function?

1. AIt cannot be taken with food in kidney disease
2. BIt turns the urine red in kidney disease
3. CIt cures kidney disease too quickly
4. DIt works less well and is more likely to be toxic

The nurse has four patients. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA patient on insulin for DKA whose potassium is now 2,9 mmol/L
2. BA patient with hypothyroidism asking when to take levothyroxine
3. CA patient with stable CKD waiting for a renal diet review
4. DA patient with Parkinson's disease whose next dose is due in two hours