Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

What is the main cause of the movement problems in Parkinson's disease?

1. ALoss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra
2. BAntibodies that attack acetylcholine receptors in muscle
3. CToo much dopamine released in the basal ganglia
4. DLoss of the myelin sheath around nerves in the brain and spinal cord

Which serum sodium result shows hyponatraemia in an adult?

1. A138 mmol/L
2. B147 mmol/L
3. C129 mmol/L
4. D142 mmol/L

Nhận định nào về cơn thiếu máu não thoáng qua (TIA) là đúng?

1. ATriệu chứng kéo dài nhiều ngày và để lại yếu liệt lâu dài
2. BKhông cần theo dõi tiếp, vì mọi triệu chứng đều hết
3. CNguyên nhân là chảy máu nhỏ vào mô não
4. DTriệu chứng hết hoàn toàn, nhưng nguy cơ đột quỵ cao nên cần đánh giá khẩn

What is the main purpose of continuous bladder irrigation after a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)?

1. ATo measure the size of the bladder
2. BTo stop blood clots from blocking the catheter
3. CTo give the patient extra fluids
4. DTo treat a urinary infection after the operation

A patient with atrial fibrillation has had an ischaemic stroke. Which long-term medicine type most reduces the risk of another stroke?

1. AA beta-agonist inhaler
2. BA loop diuretic
3. CAn oral anticoagulant
4. DA proton pump inhibitor

After a lumbar discectomy, which finding should the nurse report promptly?

1. AA dry, intact wound dressing
2. BMild pain at the wound site
3. CStiffness when getting out of bed
4. DNew weakness or numbness in the legs

A patient has fever, confusion, odd behaviour and a new seizure. Herpes simplex encephalitis is suspected. Which drug is usually started straight away?

1. AIV insulin
2. BOral amoxicillin
3. CIV aciclovir
4. DOral prednisolone

During a TURP, a patient becomes confused and nauseated, with a slow pulse and a raised BP. The sodium is 121 mmol/L. What is most likely?

1. AA normal reaction to the spinal anaesthetic
2. BHypoglycaemia from fasting for many hours before surgery
3. CAn allergic reaction to the catheter
4. DTURP syndrome from absorbed irrigation fluid