Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

What is a suprapubic catheter?

1. AA catheter passed into the bladder through the urethra
2. BA small catheter used only once and then removed
3. CA catheter put into the bladder through the abdomen
4. DA tube placed into the kidney through the back

What is a positive Kernig's sign?

1. ATwitching of the facial muscles when the cheek is tapped in front of the ear
2. BBruising behind the ear after a head injury
3. CPain and resistance when the knee is straightened with the hip flexed
4. DBending of the hips and knees when the neck is flexed

Một bệnh nhân có lỗ rò động–tĩnh mạch nói nó không còn "rung" nữa. Điều dưỡng nên làm gì?

1. ABáo cáo khẩn: lỗ rò có thể đã bị đông
2. BĐo huyết áp ở cánh tay đó để kiểm tra dòng chảy
3. CBăng chặt để lưu thông trở lại
4. DTrấn an rằng điều này bình thường vào ban đêm

A bladder scan straight after voiding shows 450 mL of urine still in the bladder. What does this show?

1. AThe bladder is not emptying properly
2. BThe patient has drunk too little fluid
3. CThe kidneys are making too little urine
4. DThe patient is passing urine normally

An 80-year-old with angina is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. How is levothyroxine usually started?

1. AAs a single large weekly injection
2. BAt a low dose, increased slowly
3. COnly after the angina has been cured
4. DAt a full dose from the first day

Why is all urine strained in a patient with suspected kidney stones?

1. ATo catch the stone so it can be analysed
2. BTo measure the urine volume more accurately
3. CTo remove blood clots before testing
4. DTo stop the stone from blocking the toilet

A patient with an acute stroke has a glucose of 15 mmol/L (270 mg/dL). They do not have known diabetes. What is appropriate?

1. AGive glucose gel to stabilise the level
2. BReport it and monitor glucose, as it can worsen outcome
3. CStop all IV fluids to lower the glucose
4. DIgnore it, because stress always raises glucose

A patient with stable epilepsy on phenytoin started a new medicine last week. They now have nystagmus, an unsteady gait and slurred speech. What should the nurse do?

1. ASuspect a new stroke and give aspirin straight away before any scan
2. BGive the next phenytoin dose early to prevent a seizure
3. CSuspect phenytoin toxicity, hold the next dose and ask for a drug level
4. DEncourage the patient to walk more to improve their balance