Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

Which symptoms are typical of a prolactinoma in a woman?

1. AVery dark skin creases and a craving for salt
2. BKidney stones, bone pain and constipation
3. CMilky nipple discharge and irregular periods
4. DWeight loss with heat intolerance and a fine tremor

After a head injury, a patient has bruising behind the ear over the mastoid bone. What does this suggest?

1. AA fractured jaw
2. BA simple scalp laceration
3. CA fracture of the base of the skull
4. DAn injury to the outer ear only

Which statement about Huntington's disease is correct?

1. AIt is caused by a bacterial infection of the brain
2. BIt mainly affects children under the age of five years
3. CIt is inherited and causes involuntary jerky movements
4. DIt is cured by levodopa

A patient on ciclosporin or tacrolimus asks about grapefruit juice. Which advice is correct?

1. ADrink it daily to protect the kidney
2. BIt has no effect on these drugs
3. CAvoid it, because it can raise the drug levels
4. DDrink it with each dose to improve the absorption

Several hours after a carotid endarterectomy, which finding needs the most urgent action?

1. AAn expanding neck swelling with noisy breathing
2. BMild pain at the incision site
3. CA blood pressure slightly above the baseline
4. DA small amount of dried blood on the dressing

How does the nurse test the facial nerve (VII)?

1. AShine a light in each eye and check the pupil response
2. BAsk them to raise the eyebrows, shut the eyes tightly and smile
3. CAsk the patient to stick out the tongue and move it from side to side
4. DTouch the forehead, cheek and chin with cotton wool

A 66-year-old smoker has had two episodes of painless red urine. Urine cultures are negative. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AAnother course of antibiotics for a UTI
2. BUrgent referral for cystoscopy and imaging
3. CReassure him, because the blood has stopped
4. DAdvise more fluids and review in a year

An 84-year-old man became more confused a week after starting oxybutynin. Infection has been ruled out. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA sign that the drug dose is too low
2. BNormal ageing that needs no review
3. CAnticholinergic side effects of the drug
4. DA symptom of a high potassium from the drug