Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

What does the term epilepsy mean?

1. AA seizure caused only by low blood sugar
2. BA single seizure caused by a high fever
3. CA tendency to have recurrent seizures that are not provoked
4. DAny brief loss of consciousness, such as fainting

Which organism causes most urinary tract infections?

1. AStreptococcus pneumoniae
2. BEscherichia coli
3. CStaphylococcus aureus
4. DCandida albicans

A stroke affects the anterior cerebral artery. Which weakness pattern is most typical?

1. AThe opposite arm and face are weaker than the leg
2. BBoth legs are weak with normal arms
3. CThe same side of the body is weak
4. DThe opposite leg is weaker than the arm

A routine blood test shows a potassium of 6,4 mmol/L. The lab reports that the sample was haemolysed. The patient feels well. What should the nurse do?

1. AStart dialysis as soon as possible
2. BInform the doctor and arrange an urgent repeat sample
3. CGive oral potassium supplements straight away
4. DIgnore it, because haemolysis always gives a normal result

Why is all urine strained in a patient with suspected kidney stones?

1. ATo remove blood clots before testing
2. BTo catch the stone so it can be analysed
3. CTo measure the urine volume more accurately
4. DTo stop the stone from blocking the toilet

Hành động điều dưỡng nào giúp phòng tăng áp lực nội sọ?

1. APhòng táo bón và giãn cách các hoạt động chăm sóc
2. BCho bệnh nhân nằm phẳng với hông gập mạnh
3. CLàm mọi chăm sóc và hút đờm trong một đợt dài
4. DKhuyến khích ho mạnh mỗi giờ

A patient has erratic glucose readings. The nurse finds a soft, rubbery lump where they always inject. What is the most important teaching?

1. AMassage the lump firmly after every injection
2. BKeep injecting into the lump, because it hurts less there
3. CUse healthy sites and check glucose often, as less insulin may be needed
4. DDouble the insulin dose because the lump blocks the insulin

The nurse has four endocrine patients. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA patient with hypothyroidism who has been constipated for three days
2. BA patient after thyroidectomy with mild pain on swallowing
3. CA patient with hyperthyroidism who is confused, with a temperature of 39,5 °C (103,1 °F)
4. DA patient with Graves' disease asking about radioactive iodine