Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng cơ bản có đáp án

What is extravasation?

1. ALeakage of an irritant (vesicant) drug into the tissue around the vein
2. BLeakage of plain saline from the cannula into the tissue around the vein
3. CA cannula that has slipped deeper into the vein
4. DBleeding from the site after the cannula is removed

SpO₂ đo điều gì?

1. ANhịp thở
2. BLượng CO₂ trong khí thở ra
3. CĐộ bão hòa oxy của hemoglobin, đo bằng máy đo oxy xung
4. DÁp suất riêng phần của oxy trong máu động mạch, đo bằng khí máu

Which drug is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis?

1. AIntravenous antibiotics given straight away
2. BAn oral antihistamine given on its own
3. COral paracetamol
4. DIntramuscular adrenaline (epinephrine)

How should the heels of a bedbound patient at high risk be protected?

1. ALift them off the mattress with a pillow under the calves
2. BRub them with cream several times a day
3. CWrap them tightly in bandages
4. DRest them on a rolled towel placed directly under each heel

A patient is getting up for the first time after several days in bed. What should the nurse do first?

1. AHave the patient sit on the edge of the bed for a short time before standing
2. BGive the patient a large drink of water while standing
3. CAsk the patient to walk to the bathroom alone
4. DHelp the patient stand up quickly, so that the dizziness has less time to start

Hạ huyết áp tư thế đứng (hạ huyết áp thế đứng) là gì?

1. AHuyết áp thấp chỉ trong lúc ngủ
2. BHuyết áp cao khi nằm
3. CChênh lệch huyết áp hơn 10 mmHg giữa hai cánh tay
4. DHuyết áp tụt khi đứng dậy, thường gây chóng mặt

A severely malnourished patient is about to start feeding. Which complication is a particular risk?

1. AVery high blood sodium in the first hour
2. BRefeeding syndrome with low phosphate, potassium and magnesium
3. CImmediate allergic reaction to the feed
4. DSudden weight gain of several kilograms of fat in the first week

Under the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (England and Wales), a patient with capacity makes a decision staff think is unwise. What follows?

1. AAn unwise decision on its own proves that the person lacks capacity
2. BThe family must be asked to make the decision instead
3. CStaff may override any decision they think is unwise
4. DAn unwise decision alone does not mean the person lacks capacity