Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng nhi khoa có đáp án

Which drug is used to keep the ductus arteriosus open in a newborn with a duct-dependent heart defect?

1. AProstaglandin E1
2. BIntravenous indomethacin
3. CDigoxin
4. DFurosemide

Which type of play, with shared goals, rules and roles, is typical of school-age children?

1. AOnlooker play
2. BParallel play
3. CCooperative play
4. DSolitary play

Which illness causes a bright red rash on both cheeks, often called "slapped cheek"?

1. AFifth disease (parvovirus B19)
2. BImpetigo (staphylococcus)
3. CScarlet fever (group A streptococcus)
4. DMeasles (rubeola virus)

Which finding is an early sign of shock in a child?

1. ALow blood pressure with a slow heart rate and pauses in breathing
2. BSlow, deep breathing with a normal heart rate
3. CA fast heart rate with a prolonged capillary refill
4. DA warm, flushed child with a strong, bounding pulse

Why is the Lund and Browder chart preferred over the adult "rule of nines" for estimating burn size in children?

1. AIt is mainly used for small burns of the hands, feet and face in children
2. BIt measures the depth of the burn rather than its area
3. CIt adjusts for the larger head and smaller legs of young children
4. DIt counts the number of blisters on the body

Which signs suggest meningitis in a young infant?

1. AA bulging fontanelle, a high-pitched cry, poor feeding and irritability
2. BA clear runny nose, a mild cough and normal feeding
3. CNeck stiffness and a positive Kernig's sign, as in older children and adults
4. DA sunken fontanelle with heavy wet nappies

A few weeks after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, a child's insulin needs fall a lot. The parents think the diabetes is cured. What should the nurse explain?

1. AThe child has become insulin resistant and now needs tablets instead of injections
2. BThis is the temporary "honeymoon" phase; insulin is still needed
3. CThe diabetes has turned into type 2 diabetes
4. DThe diagnosis was probably wrong, and insulin can be stopped

Two children with cystic fibrosis are admitted to the same ward. Which precaution is important?

1. AKeep them apart, not sharing rooms, equipment or play areas
2. BPut them in the same room so they can support each other
3. CAsk them to do their daily physiotherapy sessions together in the playroom
4. DLet them share airway clearance equipment to save resources