Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng nhi khoa có đáp án

Which sweetener must children with phenylketonuria (PKU) avoid?

1. AFructose
2. BAspartame
3. CSucrose
4. DGlucose

Which statement about head lice is correct?

1. AThey mainly live on pets and pass to children from dogs and cats
2. BThey jump or fly from one child to another across the classroom
3. CThey spread by head-to-head contact and are not a sign of poor hygiene
4. DThey only affect children with dirty hair who do not wash it often

Which two vessels does the ductus arteriosus connect?

1. AThe umbilical vein and the inferior vena cava
2. BThe pulmonary artery and the aorta
3. CThe right atrium and the left atrium
4. DThe superior vena cava and the right atrium

A newborn is still wet a few minutes after birth. Which heat-loss mechanism is the main concern, and how is it prevented?

1. AEvaporation; dry the baby straight away, including the head
2. BConduction; place the baby on a cold firm surface
3. CConvection; leave the baby uncovered in a draught
4. DRadiation; move the cot close to an outside window

Một trẻ có nước tiểu màu cola, mắt húp và huyết áp cao hai tuần sau khi đau họng. Chẩn đoán có khả năng là gì?

1. ANhiễm trùng tiết niệu
2. BViêm cầu thận cấp hậu liên cầu
3. CU Wilms
4. DHội chứng thận hư

A 2-year-old says "No!" when it is time for his liquid medicine. What is the best approach?

1. ATell him he is a bad boy for refusing
2. BAsk him whether he wants to take his medicine or not
3. COffer a limited choice, such as the cup or the syringe
4. DWait until he agrees to take it, even if the dose is hours late

A few weeks after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, a child's insulin needs fall a lot. The parents think the diabetes is cured. What should the nurse explain?

1. AThe diagnosis was probably wrong, and insulin can be stopped
2. BThe diabetes has turned into type 2 diabetes
3. CThis is the temporary "honeymoon" phase; insulin is still needed
4. DThe child has become insulin resistant and now needs tablets instead of injections

A 3-month-old has large, flat, blue-grey patches over the lower back and buttocks. The parents say they have been there since birth. What is the best action?

1. AReport them straight away to the safeguarding team as suspected physical abuse
2. BRequest urgent clotting tests and a full blood count to look for a bleeding disorder
3. CDocument them with size and location as congenital dermal melanocytosis (Mongolian spots)
4. DApply cold packs several times a day to reduce the discoloration