Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng nhi khoa có đáp án

Which is the most common congenital heart defect?

1. ATransposition of the great arteries
2. BTetralogy of Fallot
3. CCoarctation of the aorta
4. DVentricular septal defect

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

1. AAn extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21)
2. BA single gene inherited from both carrier parents
3. CA missing X chromosome in a girl
4. DInfection with rubella in early pregnancy

Why must a toddler never be left alone in the bath, even for a moment?

1. AA young child can drown silently in a few centimetres of water
2. BSoap left on the skin irritates a toddler's skin
3. CA toddler left alone gets bored, cries and tries to climb out of the bath
4. DThe bath water cools quickly and causes hypothermia

Một trẻ bị tứ chứng Fallot đột nhiên tím tái nặng và khó thở khi đang khóc. Tư thế nào giúp ích?

1. ATư thế gối–ngực (hoặc ngồi xổm)
2. BNghiêng đầu thấp
3. CNằm ngửa phẳng
4. DNgồi buông thõng hai chân

Why do young children with sickle cell disease usually take daily penicillin?

1. APenicillin stops red cells from changing shape
2. BSickle cells make the child allergic to most other antibiotics
3. CPenicillin prevents pain crises in cold weather
4. DPoor spleen function puts them at high risk of pneumococcal infection

Which factor can make a pulse oximeter reading inaccurate in a child?

1. ACold hands, movement or a poorly fitting probe
2. BHaving eaten a meal in the last hour
3. CHolding a parent's hand during the reading
4. DLying on the back instead of sitting up

Which practice most reduces the risk of errors with high-alert medicines such as insulin or opioid infusions in children?

1. AAsking the child's parent to look at the syringe and confirm that the dose looks right
2. BChecking the dose only when the drug is given for the first time
3. CRounding doses up to the nearest whole number to keep things simple
4. DAn independent double check by a second nurse before giving the medicine

A large baby born to a mother with diabetes becomes jittery at 1 hour of age. What should the nurse check first?

1. AThe baby's serum bilirubin
2. BThe baby's haemoglobin
3. CThe baby's blood glucose
4. DThe baby's blood group