Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

In cognitive psychology, a schema is:

1. AA visual illusion caused by misleading depth cues in a scene
2. BA single item held in short-term memory
3. CAn organised framework of knowledge about something
4. DA sudden loss of memory after brain injury

The smallest unit of sound in a language that can change the meaning of a word is a:

1. ASyllable
2. BMorpheme
3. CPhoneme
4. DGrapheme

Which part of the retina gives the sharpest, most detailed vision?

1. AThe blind spot
2. BThe optic chiasm
3. CThe fovea
4. DThe periphery

In dual-process theory, which task most clearly requires System 2 thinking?

1. ANoticing that a sound is loud
2. BWorking out 17 × 24 in your head
3. CReading a large familiar word on a road sign
4. DRecognising a friend's face

Two groups study a text. One rereads it; the other takes practice quizzes on it. A week later, the quiz group remembers more. This shows:

1. AEncoding specificity
2. BProactive interference
3. CThe testing effect
4. DThe spacing effect

Anchoring bias occurs when:

1. APeople prefer options presented as gains
2. BPeople remember only the end of an experience
3. CPeople believe after the event that they knew the outcome all along
4. DAn initial number strongly influences a later estimate

Strayer and Johnston found that hands-free phone conversations impaired simulated driving about as much as hand-held ones. What does this suggest?

1. ATalking to a passenger in the car is just as distracting in every case
2. BHolding a phone is the only problem when driving
3. CDriving is a fully automatic task
4. DThe main cost of phoning while driving is attentional, not manual

Which concept describes better recall when study sessions are spread out over time rather than crammed?

1. AThe generation effect
2. BThe von Restorff effect
3. CThe testing effect
4. DThe spacing effect