Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

Damage to Broca's area typically causes difficulty with:

1. AUnderstanding spoken words
2. BForming new memories
3. CRecognising faces
4. DProducing fluent speech

Continuing to invest in a failing project because of the money already spent is called the:

1. AFraming effect
2. BGambler's fallacy
3. CAvailability heuristic
4. DSunk cost fallacy

A vivid, detailed memory of where you were when you heard shocking news is called a:

1. AIconic memory
2. BProcedural memory
3. CScreen memory
4. DFlashbulb memory

Which feature is typical of an automatic process, such as reading a familiar word?

1. AIt can only be done slowly, one step at a time
2. BIt is easily disrupted by a second task
3. CIt is fast and hard to stop once started
4. DIt needs a lot of conscious effort

Which statement best describes top-down processing in perception?

1. APerception is built only from the raw features of the incoming stimulus
2. BPerception happens without any involvement of memory
3. COnly the lower parts of the visual field are processed
4. DExpectations and knowledge shape how we interpret sensory input

In a lexical decision task, people recognise "nurse" as a word faster after seeing "doctor" than after seeing "bread". This is best explained by:

1. AThe phonological similarity effect
2. BSpreading activation in a semantic network
3. CIconic memory decay
4. DRetroactive interference

Gick and Holyoak gave participants a story about an army attacking a fortress from many sides, then Duncker's radiation problem. What did they find?

1. ANobody could solve the radiation problem, even with a hint
2. BThe story made the radiation problem harder to solve
3. CFew used the analogy until told the story might help
4. DAlmost everyone used the analogy without needing any hint

Strayer and Johnston found that hands-free phone conversations impaired simulated driving about as much as hand-held ones. What does this suggest?

1. ADriving is a fully automatic task
2. BThe main cost of phoning while driving is attentional, not manual
3. CTalking to a passenger in the car is just as distracting in every case
4. DHolding a phone is the only problem when driving