Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

The smallest unit of language that carries meaning is a:

1. APhoneme
2. BPhrase
3. CMorpheme
4. DLexicon

Selective attention is best illustrated by:

1. AFollowing one conversation at a noisy party
2. BRecognising a face you have seen before
3. CSolving an arithmetic problem
4. DRemembering a phone number for a few seconds

Continuing to invest in a failing project because of the money already spent is called the:

1. AAvailability heuristic
2. BGambler's fallacy
3. CSunk cost fallacy
4. DFraming effect

Lists of similar-sounding letters (B, G, V, T) are harder to recall immediately than dissimilar letters (F, K, Y, W). This suggests short-term memory:

1. AMainly codes verbal information acoustically
2. BStores letters mainly as visual images of their shapes
3. CMainly codes information by meaning
4. DHas unlimited capacity for letters

Which statement best describes top-down processing in perception?

1. AOnly the lower parts of the visual field are processed
2. BPerception is built only from the raw features of the incoming stimulus
3. CExpectations and knowledge shape how we interpret sensory input
4. DPerception happens without any involvement of memory

Students given a coffee mug ask for a much higher price to sell it than other students will pay to buy it. This is the:

1. AEndowment effect
2. BGambler's fallacy
3. CSunk cost fallacy
4. DAnchoring effect

In a city, 85% of cabs are green and 15% are blue. A witness who is correct 80% of the time says the cab in an accident was blue. What is the probability it really was blue?

1. AAbout 41%
2. BAbout 68%
3. CAbout 80%
4. DAbout 15%

A participant solves anagrams faster after seeing related words briefly, without being aware of them. This is an example of:

1. AInterference
2. BRehearsal
3. CChunking
4. DPriming