1.Easy
Repeating a phone number over and over to keep it in mind is called:
- AConsolidation
- BMaintenance rehearsal
- CElaborative rehearsal
- DChunking
2.Easy
About how many items can a person hold in short-term memory, according to George Miller's classic estimate?
- A7 ± 2
- B3 ± 1
- C12 ± 3
- D20 ± 5
3.Easy
Which of these is a binocular depth cue?
- AInterposition
- BTexture gradient
- CLinear perspective
- DRetinal disparity
4.Medium
Broadbent's filter model of attention proposes that unattended messages are:
- AProcessed at the same level as the attended message
- BFully analysed for meaning and then quickly forgotten
- CBlocked by physical features before meaning is analysed
- DWeakened but still analysed for important meanings, such as names
5.Medium
Which feature is typical of an automatic process, such as reading a familiar word?
- AIt is fast and hard to stop once started
- BIt is easily disrupted by a second task
- CIt needs a lot of conscious effort
- DIt can only be done slowly, one step at a time
6.Medium
In Baddeley and Hitch's working memory model, which component handles verbal and acoustic information?
- AThe episodic buffer
- BThe visuospatial sketchpad
- CThe phonological loop
- DThe central executive
7.Hard
Gick and Holyoak gave participants a story about an army attacking a fortress from many sides, then Duncker's radiation problem. What did they find?
- AThe story made the radiation problem harder to solve
- BAlmost everyone used the analogy without needing any hint
- CFew used the analogy until told the story might help
- DNobody could solve the radiation problem, even with a hint
8.Hard
Linda is described as outspoken and concerned with social justice. Many people judge "Linda is a bank teller and a feminist" more likely than "Linda is a bank teller". What is the error?
- AThe conjunction fallacy: A and B cannot be likelier than A
- BCorrect base-rate use: feminists are common among bank tellers
- CAnchoring: the first description fixes the later estimate
- DThe gambler's fallacy: past events change the future odds
Answer key
- 1. B · Maintenance rehearsal
- 2. A · 7 ± 2
- 3. D · Retinal disparity
- 4. C · Blocked by physical features before meaning is analysed
- 5. A · It is fast and hard to stop once started
- 6. C · The phonological loop
- 7. C · Few used the analogy until told the story might help
- 8. A · The conjunction fallacy: A and B cannot be likelier than A
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