Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

Köhler's chimpanzees, who suddenly stacked boxes to reach bananas, are a classic example of:

1. AFunctional fixedness
2. BTrial-and-error learning
3. CInsight
4. DMental set

The Gestalt principle of proximity states that we tend to group together elements that are:

1. ASimilar in colour
2. BClose to each other
3. CMoving in the same direction
4. DForming a closed shape

The smallest unit of sound in a language that can change the meaning of a word is a:

1. ASyllable
2. BMorpheme
3. CPhoneme
4. DGrapheme

In Cherry's dichotic listening studies, participants shadowing one ear usually noticed which change in the unattended ear?

1. AWords repeated several times
2. BThe meaning of the words
3. CA switch from a male to a female voice
4. DA switch from English to German in the same voice

People often accept an invalid syllogism if its conclusion sounds true, such as "Some vitamins are healthy". This is called:

1. AAnchoring
2. BSelf-serving bias
3. CHindsight bias
4. DBelief bias

Baddeley added the episodic buffer to the working memory model to explain how working memory:

1. ABinds information from different sources and from long-term memory
2. BRehearses speech sounds silently with an inner voice
3. CStores visual information for a fraction of a second
4. DDirects attention and switches between tasks

The framing effect is demonstrated when people:

1. AChoose differently between identical options described as gains or as losses
2. BRemember the frame of a picture better than its content
3. CRecall information better in the same room
4. DIgnore all numerical information

Strayer and Johnston found that hands-free phone conversations impaired simulated driving about as much as hand-held ones. What does this suggest?

1. AHolding a phone is the only problem when driving
2. BTalking to a passenger in the car is just as distracting in every case
3. CThe main cost of phoning while driving is attentional, not manual
4. DDriving is a fully automatic task