Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

The tendency to search for information that supports what we already believe is called:

1. AConfirmation bias
2. BFundamental attribution error
3. CHindsight bias
4. DAnchoring

Functional fixedness is the tendency to:

1. ARemember objects better than words
2. BSolve every problem with the same algorithm
3. CForget the purpose of an object after a delay
4. DSee an object only in terms of its usual use

Riding a bicycle without thinking about it relies mainly on:

1. AEpisodic memory
2. BIconic memory
3. CSemantic memory
4. DProcedural memory

Broadbent's filter model of attention proposes that unattended messages are:

1. AWeakened but still analysed for important meanings, such as names
2. BBlocked by physical features before meaning is analysed
3. CFully analysed for meaning and then quickly forgotten
4. DProcessed at the same level as the attended message

In Collins and Quillian's hierarchical network model, why does "A canary is an animal" take longer to verify than "A canary is a bird"?

1. ACanaries are rated as untypical members of "animal"
2. BMore levels must be travelled to reach "animal"
3. CThe sentence contains more letters to read
4. D"Animal" is a longer and less frequent word than "bird"

People often accept an invalid syllogism if its conclusion sounds true, such as "Some vitamins are healthy". This is called:

1. ABelief bias
2. BHindsight bias
3. CSelf-serving bias
4. DAnchoring

Patient D.F. could not report the orientation of a slot but could accurately post a card through it. Milner and Goodale used this to support the idea of:

1. AA single visual system used for every visual task
2. BFeature binding through focused spatial attention
3. CSeparate visual streams for perception and action
4. DEarly selection of attention before perception

Strayer and Johnston found that hands-free phone conversations impaired simulated driving about as much as hand-held ones. What does this suggest?

1. ADriving is a fully automatic task
2. BThe main cost of phoning while driving is attentional, not manual
3. CHolding a phone is the only problem when driving
4. DTalking to a passenger in the car is just as distracting in every case