Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

Continuing to invest in a failing project because of the money already spent is called the:

1. AAvailability heuristic
2. BFraming effect
3. CGambler's fallacy
4. DSunk cost fallacy

Riding a bicycle without thinking about it relies mainly on:

1. ASemantic memory
2. BEpisodic memory
3. CProcedural memory
4. DIconic memory

Which memory store holds visual information for a fraction of a second?

1. ALong-term memory
2. BIconic memory
3. CWorking memory
4. DEchoic memory

In Collins and Quillian's hierarchical network model, why does "A canary is an animal" take longer to verify than "A canary is a bird"?

1. ACanaries are rated as untypical members of "animal"
2. B"Animal" is a longer and less frequent word than "bird"
3. CThe sentence contains more letters to read
4. DMore levels must be travelled to reach "animal"

Encoding specificity means that recall is best when:

1. ALearning happens just before sleep only
2. BInformation is learned in one long session
3. CThe context at retrieval matches the context at learning
4. DThe material is learned in a noisy room

Anchoring bias occurs when:

1. APeople remember only the end of an experience
2. BPeople believe after the event that they knew the outcome all along
3. CPeople prefer options presented as gains
4. DAn initial number strongly influences a later estimate

The framing effect is demonstrated when people:

1. AChoose differently between identical options described as gains or as losses
2. BRecall information better in the same room
3. CRemember the frame of a picture better than its content
4. DIgnore all numerical information

According to Lavie's load theory of attention, an irrelevant distractor is most likely to be processed when:

1. AThe participant is told to ignore it
2. BThe distractor is presented to the blind spot
3. CThe main task has low perceptual load
4. DThe main task has high perceptual load