1.Easy
What is "chunking"?
- ARepeating information aloud to remember it
- BGrouping information into meaningful units to remember more
- CForgetting information in large blocks
- DSplitting attention between two tasks
2.Easy
Linking new information to things you already know, so it becomes meaningful, is called:
- AElaborative rehearsal
- BRote repetition
- CDecay
- DMaintenance rehearsal
3.Easy
A vivid, detailed memory of where you were when you heard shocking news is called a:
- AFlashbulb memory
- BIconic memory
- CProcedural memory
- DScreen memory
4.Medium
The serial position effect predicts that items in a list are recalled best when they are:
- AOnly at the beginning of the list
- BIn the middle of the list
- CAt the beginning and end of the list
- DRandomly placed, whatever the length of the list
5.Medium
People verify "A robin is a bird" faster than "A penguin is a bird". This finding supports:
- APrototype theory and graded category membership
- BThe multi-store model of memory
- CFeature integration theory
- DThe classical view that all members are equally good examples
6.Medium
Rubin's vase, which can be seen as a vase or as two faces, illustrates:
- ASize constancy
- BThe law of closure
- CRetinal disparity
- DFigure–ground organisation
7.Hard
In Sperling's experiments, participants saw a 3 × 4 grid of letters briefly. When a tone signalled which row to report immediately afterwards, they could report most letters of that row. What did this show?
- AHearing a warning tone improves visual perception of nearby letters in general
- BIconic memory holds only about four letters, however they are tested
- CMost of the display is briefly held but fades before it can all be reported
- DBriefly seen letters are transferred into long-term memory at once
8.Hard
Change blindness experiments show that people often:
- ANotice every small change in their visual field
- BSee changes only in colour, not in shape
- CAre better at spotting changes in faces than in objects in all cases
- DFail to notice large changes in a scene when the change happens during a brief interruption
Answer key
- 1. B · Grouping information into meaningful units to remember more
- 2. A · Elaborative rehearsal
- 3. A · Flashbulb memory
- 4. C · At the beginning and end of the list
- 5. A · Prototype theory and graded category membership
- 6. D · Figure–ground organisation
- 7. C · Most of the display is briefly held but fades before it can all be reported
- 8. D · Fail to notice large changes in a scene when the change happens during a brief interruption
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