Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

An algorithm, in the psychology of problem solving, is:

1. AA sudden flash of understanding about a problem
2. BA step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution
3. CA mental picture of how the problem looks
4. DA quick rule of thumb that usually works well enough

Which researchers proposed the multi-store model of memory?

1. ABaddeley and Hitch
2. BAtkinson and Shiffrin
3. CLoftus and Palmer
4. DCraik and Lockhart

A multiple-choice exam mainly tests which kind of retrieval?

1. AFree recall
2. BSerial recall
3. CRelearning
4. DRecognition

The availability heuristic means people judge how likely an event is by:

1. AIts actual statistical frequency
2. BThe first number they hear
3. CHow similar it is to a typical case
4. DHow easily examples come to mind

Which working memory component is most heavily used when you switch between two tasks and decide what to focus on?

1. AIconic memory
2. BThe phonological loop
3. CThe visuospatial sketchpad
4. DThe central executive

In Duncker's candle problem, participants must fix a candle to a wall using a box of tacks and matches. The solution is hard to find because people:

1. ASpend too long trying to melt wax with the matches
2. BDo not realise the candle has to be lit first
3. CAssume the tacks are too short to hold the candle
4. DSee the box only as a container, not as a shelf

Which finding supports a reconstructive view of memory (Bartlett)?

1. AMemories of emotional events never change
2. BPeople retelling an unfamiliar story change it to fit their own culture
3. CShort-term memory holds about seven items
4. DPeople can recall long lists of digits perfectly

Which concept describes better recall when study sessions are spread out over time rather than crammed?

1. AThe generation effect
2. BThe spacing effect
3. CThe testing effect
4. DThe von Restorff effect