Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

The smallest unit of sound in a language that can change the meaning of a word is a:

1. AGrapheme
2. BMorpheme
3. CSyllable
4. DPhoneme

The feeling after an event that "I knew it all along" is called:

1. AConfirmation bias
2. BOverconfidence
3. CHindsight bias
4. DAnchoring

Which memory store holds visual information for a fraction of a second?

1. AIconic memory
2. BWorking memory
3. CLong-term memory
4. DEchoic memory

Counting the windows in your house by picturing walking around it mainly uses which working memory component?

1. ALong-term procedural memory
2. BThe episodic buffer
3. CThe phonological loop
4. DThe visuospatial sketchpad

In January you keep writing last year's date on forms. This is an example of:

1. AProactive interference
2. BEncoding failure
3. CAnterograde amnesia
4. DRetroactive interference

People recall more words from a list of short words (e.g. "cat, sun") than from a list of long words. The usual explanation is that:

1. ALong words cause retroactive interference with earlier items
2. BShort words take less time to rehearse in the phonological loop
3. CLong words are processed more deeply and so crowd each other out
4. DShort words are held in iconic memory as well as acoustically

In a city, 85% of cabs are green and 15% are blue. A witness who is correct 80% of the time says the cab in an accident was blue. What is the probability it really was blue?

1. AAbout 15%
2. BAbout 68%
3. CAbout 80%
4. DAbout 41%

The "tip-of-the-tongue" state is evidence that:

1. AThe information was never encoded
2. BMemories decay within seconds
3. CInformation can be stored but temporarily not retrievable
4. DLanguage is stored only in short-term memory