Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

Knowing the usual order of events when eating at a restaurant (being seated, ordering, eating, paying) is called a:

1. APhoneme
2. BPrototype
3. CHeuristic
4. DScript

The tendency to search for information that supports what we already believe is called:

1. AFundamental attribution error
2. BAnchoring
3. CConfirmation bias
4. DHindsight bias

In cognitive psychology, a schema is:

1. AA single item held in short-term memory
2. BAn organised framework of knowledge about something
3. CA sudden loss of memory after brain injury
4. DA visual illusion caused by misleading depth cues in a scene

Loftus and Palmer's car crash study showed that:

1. AEyewitnesses are always accurate about speed
2. BThe wording of a question can change eyewitness memory
3. CMemory for faces is more reliable than memory for events
4. DStress improves the accuracy of recall

Lists of similar-sounding letters (B, G, V, T) are harder to recall immediately than dissimilar letters (F, K, Y, W). This suggests short-term memory:

1. AMainly codes verbal information acoustically
2. BStores letters mainly as visual images of their shapes
3. CMainly codes information by meaning
4. DHas unlimited capacity for letters

Repeating "the, the, the" aloud while learning a word list impairs recall because it:

1. AErases information already in long-term memory
2. BOverloads the visuospatial sketchpad
3. CBlocks rehearsal in the phonological loop
4. DPrevents the eyes from reading the words

In rapid serial visual presentation, people often miss a second target that appears about 200–500 ms after the first. This is called:

1. AThe attentional blink
2. BInhibition of return
3. CIconic decay
4. DChange blindness

Countries where people are organ donors unless they opt out have far higher donor rates than countries where people must opt in. This is best explained by:

1. AThe sunk cost fallacy
2. BBelief bias in moral reasoning about donation
3. CThe availability heuristic
4. DThe default effect and status quo bias