Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

The tendency to search for information that supports what we already believe is called:

1. AFundamental attribution error
2. BHindsight bias
3. CConfirmation bias
4. DAnchoring

Functional fixedness is the tendency to:

1. AForget the purpose of an object after a delay
2. BSee an object only in terms of its usual use
3. CRemember objects better than words
4. DSolve every problem with the same algorithm

Trying to perform two tasks at the same time, such as texting while listening to a lecture, involves:

1. ASelective attention
2. BSustained attention
3. CDivided attention
4. DIconic memory

People often accept an invalid syllogism if its conclusion sounds true, such as "Some vitamins are healthy". This is called:

1. ASelf-serving bias
2. BHindsight bias
3. CAnchoring
4. DBelief bias

In Shepard and Metzler's mental rotation task, the time to decide whether two 3D shapes are the same:

1. ADepends mainly on how complex the shapes are
2. BDecreases as the angle between them gets larger
3. CIncreases with the angle between the two shapes
4. DIs the same whatever the angle of rotation is

Broadbent's filter model of attention proposes that unattended messages are:

1. ABlocked by physical features before meaning is analysed
2. BFully analysed for meaning and then quickly forgotten
3. CWeakened but still analysed for important meanings, such as names
4. DProcessed at the same level as the attended message

Glanzer and Cunitz had participants count for 30 seconds between hearing a list and recalling it. Which result did they find?

1. ABoth effects became larger
2. BThe recency effect disappeared, but the primacy effect remained
3. CRecall became equal at all positions except the middle
4. DThe primacy effect disappeared, but the recency effect remained

People judge that more English words begin with K than have K as the third letter, although the reverse is true. Which heuristic explains this?

1. AAnchoring: the letter K is the first value people are given
2. BFraming: the question describes the words as a loss
3. CRepresentativeness: K-words look like typical English words
4. DAvailability: words are easier to retrieve by first letter