Human physiology worksheet with answers

What does bile do to fats in the small intestine?

1. AConverts them into glucose
2. BEmulsifies them into small droplets
3. CAbsorbs them directly into the blood
4. DBreaks them into amino acids

Which structure of the inner ear converts sound vibrations into nerve signals?

1. ACochlea
2. BAuditory tube
3. CSemicircular canals
4. DTympanic membrane

What is tidal volume?

1. AThe volume of air moved in or out in one normal breath
2. BThe maximum volume of air that can be breathed out after a full breath in
3. CThe air left in the lungs after a full exhalation
4. DThe total volume of air in the lungs

Where is the heart's natural pacemaker?

1. ASinoatrial node
2. BBundle of His
3. CAtrioventricular node
4. DPurkinje fibres

Which is a classic example of positive feedback in the body?

1. ASweating when body temperature rises
2. BOxytocin release during labour
3. CADH release when plasma osmolality rises
4. DInsulin release after a meal

The hormone secretin is released when acid enters the duodenum. What is its main effect?

1. AContraction of the gallbladder
2. BInsulin release from the endocrine pancreas
3. CAcid secretion from the stomach
4. DBicarbonate secretion from the pancreas

A patient has taken high-dose prednisolone for a year. What is the state of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis?

1. AACTH is high and the adrenal cortex is enlarged
2. BACTH is suppressed and the adrenal cortex has atrophied
3. CThe adrenal medulla has stopped making adrenaline and noradrenaline
4. DACTH is normal and cortisol production is increased

According to the length–tension relationship, why does a skeletal muscle fibre produce less force when overstretched?

1. AActin and myosin overlap less, so fewer cross-bridges form
2. BThe neuromuscular junction stops working
3. CCalcium is no longer released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum when stretched
4. DThe muscle runs out of ATP when stretched