1.Easy
Which gland is often called the "master gland" because it controls many other endocrine glands?
- APineal gland
- BPituitary gland
- CAdrenal gland
- DThyroid gland
2.Easy
Which pituitary hormone stimulates the thyroid gland?
- ALuteinising hormone (LH)
- BGrowth hormone (GH)
- CAdrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- DThyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
3.Easy
What is the normal resting heart rate range for a healthy adult?
- A40 to 60 beats per minute
- B100 to 140 beats per minute
- C20 to 40 beats per minute
- D60 to 100 beats per minute
4.Medium
What is the main stimulus for breathing in a healthy person?
- AA rise in arterial CO₂
- BA fall in arterial O₂
- CA fall in blood pH caused by lactate only
- DA rise in blood glucose
5.Medium
Which protein forms the mesh that stabilises a blood clot?
- AFibrin
- BThrombin
- CCollagen
- DAlbumin
6.Medium
Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the collecting ducts of the kidney?
- AAntidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- BAtrial natriuretic peptide
- CParathyroid hormone
- DAldosterone
7.Hard
Why does left ventricular failure cause pulmonary oedema?
- ARaised left atrial pressure increases pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure
- BThe bronchial arteries become blocked
- CThe right ventricle pumps less blood into the lungs
- DPlasma oncotic pressure in the lungs rises sharply
8.Hard
A patient's arterial blood gas shows pH 7.30, PaCO₂ 7.8 kPa (59 mmHg) and normal bicarbonate. What is the most likely disturbance?
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BAcute respiratory acidosis
- CRespiratory alkalosis
- DCompensated metabolic alkalosis
Answer key
- 1. B · Pituitary gland
- 2. D · Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- 3. D · 60 to 100 beats per minute
- 4. A · A rise in arterial CO₂
- 5. A · Fibrin
- 6. A · Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- 7. A · Raised left atrial pressure increases pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure
- 8. B · Acute respiratory acidosis
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