1.Easy
Which blood vessels have valves that prevent blood flowing backwards?
- ACapillaries
- BArteries
- CArterioles
- DVeins
2.Easy
The systolic blood pressure is the pressure in the arteries:
- AWhen the ventricles relax
- BWhen the ventricles contract
- CBetween two heartbeats, during diastole
- DWhen the atria contract
3.Easy
What is normal core body temperature in an adult, approximately?
- A37 °C
- B36 °C
- C38.5 °C
- D35 °C
4.Medium
During contraction of a skeletal muscle sarcomere, which band stays the same length?
- AH zone
- BA band
- CI band
- DThe whole sarcomere
5.Medium
What is the main effect of vagus nerve stimulation on the heart?
- AIt constricts the coronary arteries
- BIt increases the heart rate
- CIt increases ventricular contractility strongly
- DIt slows the heart rate
6.Medium
Why is the oxygen–haemoglobin dissociation curve S-shaped?
- AOxygen dissolves better in plasma at high partial pressure
- BBinding of one oxygen makes the next bind more easily
- CRed cells change size as they take up oxygen
- DHaemoglobin can bind only one oxygen molecule
7.Hard
In long-standing aortic stenosis, how does the left ventricle adapt?
- AThinning of the wall with dilation
- BAtrophy of the muscle due to less work
- CConcentric hypertrophy with a thicker wall
- DNo change because the valve is not part of the ventricle
8.Hard
A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis breathes deeply and rapidly. What pattern is expected on the blood gas?
- ALow pH, low bicarbonate and low PaCO₂
- BHigh pH, low bicarbonate and low PaCO₂
- CLow pH, high bicarbonate and high PaCO₂
- DLow pH, normal bicarbonate and high PaCO₂
Answer key
- 1. D · Veins
- 2. B · When the ventricles contract
- 3. A · 37 °C
- 4. B · A band
- 5. D · It slows the heart rate
- 6. B · Binding of one oxygen makes the next bind more easily
- 7. C · Concentric hypertrophy with a thicker wall
- 8. A · Low pH, low bicarbonate and low PaCO₂
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