Human physiology worksheet with answers

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response?

1. AParasympathetic nervous system
2. BSympathetic nervous system
3. CSomatic nervous system
4. DEnteric nervous system

What is stroke volume?

1. AThe volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute
2. BThe volume of blood in a ventricle at the end of filling
3. CThe volume of blood left in a ventricle after contraction
4. DThe volume of blood ejected by a ventricle in one beat

Which gland is often called the "master gland" because it controls many other endocrine glands?

1. AAdrenal gland
2. BThyroid gland
3. CPituitary gland
4. DPineal gland

What is the main effect of aldosterone on the kidney?

1. AGlucose reabsorption in the proximal tubule
2. BSodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the distal nephron
3. CIncreased filtration in the glomerulus
4. DWater reabsorption by inserting aquaporins only

Low plasma albumin, as in severe liver disease, causes oedema mainly because:

1. AThe capillaries become impermeable
2. BPlasma oncotic pressure falls
3. CCapillary hydrostatic pressure falls
4. DLymphatic drainage increases

Which cells in the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid?

1. AGoblet cells
2. BParietal cells
3. CG cells
4. DChief cells

A healthy person stands up quickly after lying down. Which reflex response prevents fainting?

1. AADH release immediately doubles blood volume
2. BThe baroreceptor reflex raises heart rate and vasoconstriction
3. CThe chemoreceptor reflex raises breathing rate and arterial oxygen levels
4. DThe Bainbridge reflex lowers heart rate

Spirometry shows reduced FEV1 and reduced FVC, with a normal or high FEV1/FVC ratio. What pattern is this?

1. AAn obstructive pattern, as in asthma
2. BA restrictive pattern, as in pulmonary fibrosis
3. CAn obstructive pattern, as in emphysema or chronic bronchitis
4. DA normal result in an older adult