1.Easy
Which hormone raises blood calcium levels?
- AParathyroid hormone
- BThyroxine
- CCalcitonin
- DInsulin
2.Easy
Which organ filters the blood to produce urine?
- AKidney
- BBladder
- CLiver
- DSpleen
3.Easy
Which hormone is mainly produced by the testes?
- ATestosterone
- BOxytocin
- CProlactin
- DProgesterone
4.Medium
Which hormone makes the gallbladder contract after a fatty meal?
- ASecretin
- BGastrin
- CInsulin
- DCholecystokinin (CCK)
5.Medium
Which protein forms the mesh that stabilises a blood clot?
- ACollagen
- BAlbumin
- CThrombin
- DFibrin
6.Medium
In skeletal muscle, where does most of the calcium for contraction come from?
- AThe nucleus
- BThe sarcoplasmic reticulum
- CThe mitochondria
- DThe extracellular fluid
7.Hard
Spirometry shows reduced FEV1 and reduced FVC, with a normal or high FEV1/FVC ratio. What pattern is this?
- AAn obstructive pattern, as in asthma
- BA normal result in an older adult
- CAn obstructive pattern, as in emphysema or chronic bronchitis
- DA restrictive pattern, as in pulmonary fibrosis
8.Hard
Which transporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle is key to building the medullary concentration gradient?
- AThe Na⁺–K⁺–2Cl⁻ cotransporter (NKCC2)
- BAquaporin-2 water channels
- CThe sodium–glucose cotransporter (SGLT2)
- DThe epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)
Answer key
- 1. A · Parathyroid hormone
- 2. A · Kidney
- 3. A · Testosterone
- 4. D · Cholecystokinin (CCK)
- 5. D · Fibrin
- 6. B · The sarcoplasmic reticulum
- 7. D · A restrictive pattern, as in pulmonary fibrosis
- 8. A · The Na⁺–K⁺–2Cl⁻ cotransporter (NKCC2)
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