1.Easy
Which ion triggers contraction by binding to troponin in skeletal muscle?
- ACalcium
- BChloride
- CPotassium
- DSodium
2.Easy
Which hormones are the main regulators of the body's basal metabolic rate?
- AMelatonin and serotonin
- BOestrogen and progesterone (ovarian steroids)
- CInsulin and glucagon
- DThyroid hormones (T3 and T4)
3.Easy
Which hormone is mainly produced by the testes?
- AProgesterone
- BTestosterone
- CProlactin
- DOxytocin
4.Medium
Where is the heart's natural pacemaker?
- AAtrioventricular node
- BSinoatrial node
- CPurkinje fibres
- DBundle of His
5.Medium
Which ABO blood group has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma?
- AGroup AB
- BGroup A
- CGroup B
- DGroup O
6.Medium
Which protein forms the mesh that stabilises a blood clot?
- AAlbumin
- BThrombin
- CCollagen
- DFibrin
7.Hard
A patient has taken high-dose prednisolone for a year. What is the state of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis?
- AACTH is normal and cortisol production is increased
- BACTH is high and the adrenal cortex is enlarged
- CThe adrenal medulla has stopped making adrenaline and noradrenaline
- DACTH is suppressed and the adrenal cortex has atrophied
8.Hard
In the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, where is angiotensin I mainly converted to angiotensin II?
- AIn the liver
- BIn the adrenal cortex
- CIn the lungs
- DIn the kidneys' juxtaglomerular cells
Answer key
- 1. A · Calcium
- 2. D · Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4)
- 3. B · Testosterone
- 4. B · Sinoatrial node
- 5. D · Group O
- 6. D · Fibrin
- 7. D · ACTH is suppressed and the adrenal cortex has atrophied
- 8. C · In the lungs
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