护理入学考试生物练习卷（附答案）

DNA 中含有哪四种碱基？

1. A腺嘌呤、尿嘧啶、鸟嘌呤和胞嘧啶
2. B腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶、鸟嘌呤和胞嘧啶
3. C腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶、葡萄糖和胞嘧啶
4. D丙氨酸、胸腺嘧啶、甘氨酸和半胱氨酸

什么是基因？

1. A携带遗传性状的一种细胞
2. B在细胞分裂前复制 DNA 的蛋白质
3. CDNA 中编码蛋白质等产物的一段
4. D细胞中全部染色体的完整集合

Which substances are used up in aerobic cellular respiration?

1. ACarbon dioxide and water
2. BGlucose and oxygen
3. CGlucose and carbon dioxide
4. DOxygen and water

Dolly the sheep was cloned by putting the nucleus of an adult body cell into an egg cell whose nucleus had been removed. Whose nuclear DNA did Dolly have?

1. AThe sheep that gave the body cell nucleus
2. BThe sheep that gave the egg cell
3. CAn equal mix of all three sheep
4. DThe sheep that carried the pregnancy

酶是如何加快化学反应的？

1. A给产物增加能量
2. B提高细胞的温度
3. C降低活化能
4. D作为反应物被消耗

病毒的基本结构是什么？

1. A被细胞壁包围的细胞核
2. B不含任何 DNA 或 RNA 的氨基酸链
3. C带有核糖体和线粒体的单个细胞
4. D蛋白质外壳内的遗传物质

An old idea says giraffes got long necks because each one stretched to reach leaves and passed the longer neck to its young. Why is this idea rejected?

1. AChanges acquired in a lifetime are not passed on in the genes
2. BGiraffes do not eat leaves from tall trees, so stretching is not needed
3. CNeck length is not affected by any genes
4. DOnly plants can pass on traits to offspring

HIV infects and destroys helper T cells. Why do people with untreated advanced HIV get infections that healthy people rarely get?

1. ATheir immune response is too weak to control normally harmless microbes
2. BThe virus turns harmless microbes into pathogens
3. CHIV kills the normal flora of the skin and gut
4. DHelper T cells make the antibiotics that the body needs to fight infection