临床护理练习卷（附答案）

What does "orthopnoea" mean?

1. ABreathlessness when lying flat
2. BA pause in breathing during sleep
3. CBreathlessness only during exercise
4. DBreathing that is abnormally slow

正在监测一名患者的尿量。成人常用的最低每小时尿量目标是多少？

1. A多少都行，只要每天有排尿
2. B约每小时每千克 0.05 mL
3. C约每小时每千克 5 mL
4. D约每小时每千克体重 0.5 mL

What does "dysphagia" mean?

1. ADifficulty speaking
2. BPain when passing urine
3. CDifficulty breathing
4. DDifficulty swallowing

Which is a first-line nursing measure to help prevent constipation in hospital?

1. ARestricting fluids to reduce urine output
2. BEncouraging fluids, fibre and mobility
3. CKeeping the patient in bed
4. DGiving an enema to every patient on admission

Why is an ankle–brachial pressure index (ABPI) measured before applying compression bandages to a leg ulcer?

1. ATo exclude significant arterial disease, as compression could cut off blood flow
2. BTo work out the patient's fluid needs
3. CTo measure how deep the ulcer is and how much exudate it produces
4. DTo check for a urinary tract infection that could delay ulcer healing

Which type of painkiller should a patient with liver cirrhosis usually avoid?

1. AHot packs applied to a painful joint
2. BParacetamol (acetaminophen), given in a carefully reduced and monitored dose
3. CNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen
4. DLocal anaesthetic creams

A patient with new fast atrial fibrillation has chest pain, a blood pressure of 75/40 mmHg and is confused. What does this indicate?

1. AAnxiety about the new diagnosis that will settle with reassurance and rest alone
2. BA stable rhythm that can safely be reviewed at the next routine ward round
3. CHaemodynamic instability needing urgent treatment, possibly electrical cardioversion
4. DA normal response to atrial fibrillation needing no action

A patient with a small leg wound has severe pain out of proportion to the skin changes, rapidly spreading redness and signs of sepsis. What should be suspected?

1. ASimple cellulitis that will settle with oral antibiotics
2. BNecrotising fasciitis
3. CAn allergic reaction to the dressing
4. DA superficial bruise