临床护理练习卷（附答案）

成人静息时的正常呼吸频率是多少？

1. A约每分钟 25–35 次
2. B约每分钟 12–20 次
3. C约每分钟 4–8 次
4. D约每分钟 40–50 次

Which group of findings suggests fluid overload?

1. ADry mouth, thirst, dark urine and a rapid weak pulse
2. BSwollen ankles, breathlessness, lung crackles and weight gain
3. CWeight loss, sunken eyes and a dry mouth
4. DLow jugular venous pressure and cool skin

A patient's care plan says "nil by mouth". What does this mean?

1. AOnly clear fluids such as water and black tea are allowed
2. BNo food or drink by mouth unless specific exceptions are prescribed
3. CFood is allowed, but drinks must be stopped until the next day
4. DThe patient may eat if they feel hungry

Which instruction is correct for taking weekly alendronic acid (alendronate)?

1. ATake it with an antacid to protect the stomach
2. BTake it with a glass of milk at bedtime and then lie down straight away
3. CChew the tablet with breakfast and a cup of milky tea
4. DTake it with plain water on an empty stomach and stay upright for 30 minutes

When a patient returns to the ward from theatre, what should the nurse assess first?

1. AThe discharge date
2. BAirway, breathing, circulation and level of consciousness
3. CThe patient's dietary preferences for the next meal
4. DWhether visitors are waiting to see the patient

Why must levodopa for Parkinson's disease be given at the exact times prescribed in hospital?

1. ALate doses cause dangerous high potassium
2. BDelays can quickly worsen rigidity, immobility and swallowing
3. CEarly doses cause severe low blood glucose and sweating attacks
4. DThe drug only works if taken at midnight

Which nursing measure helps reduce raised intracranial pressure?

1. ATilting the patient head-down
2. BRaising the head of the bed to about 30° with the head kept midline
3. CLying the patient flat with the neck flexed forward on two pillows
4. DFrequent suctioning and encouraging strong coughing

Why must blood samples for a cross-match be labelled at the bedside immediately after they are taken?

1. ATo speed up the laboratory's computer system and reduce the waiting time
2. BTo prevent "wrong blood in tube" errors that can cause fatal reactions
3. CTo let the patient sign the label
4. DTo keep the sample warm so the cells do not break down in transit