临床护理练习卷（附答案）

Why is a platelet transfusion given?

1. ATo provide extra protein
2. BTo raise the haemoglobin level in a patient with anaemia
3. CTo prevent or treat bleeding in a patient with low or poorly working platelets
4. DTo treat a high white cell count in a patient with infection or leukaemia

The term "proteinuria" means:

1. APainful passing of urine
2. BToo much protein in the diet
3. CLow protein in the blood
4. DProtein in the urine

What is the usual normal range for serum sodium in adults (in mmol/L, numerically equal to mEq/L)?

1. A95–105 mmol/L
2. B3.5–5.0 mmol/L
3. C2.2–2.6 mmol/L
4. D135–145 mmol/L

A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices the drained fluid has become cloudy and has abdominal pain. What is likely?

1. AA urinary tract infection
2. BNormal dialysis fluid
3. CConstipation
4. DPeritonitis

An arterial blood gas shows a low pH, a high PaCO₂ and a normal bicarbonate. What does this show?

1. ARespiratory acidosis
2. BRespiratory alkalosis
3. CMetabolic acidosis
4. DMetabolic alkalosis

In UK guidance, neutropenic sepsis is commonly defined by a temperature above 38 °C or signs of sepsis with a neutrophil count at or below:

1. A150 × 10⁹/L
2. B0.5 × 10⁹/L
3. C5 × 10⁹/L
4. D15 × 10⁹/L

一名老年患者夜间突然出现意识混乱，注意力时好时坏。首先应寻找什么原因？

1. A对周围环境缺乏兴趣
2. B阿尔茨海默病突然发病
3. C由感染或药物等潜在问题引起的谵妄
4. D正常衰老

After a high spinal cord injury, a patient has low blood pressure with a slow heart rate and warm, dry skin. What is most likely?

1. AHypovolaemic shock
2. BCardiac tamponade
3. CNeurogenic shock
4. DSeptic shock